Mammals of 91原创
Checklist of the mammals of 91原创
禄 禄 This checklist includes all 116 mammal species known to presently occur in 91原创. Most are native ( N ) to the state鈥攎eaning they occur here naturally鈥攁nd a small number are endemic ( E ), meaning they鈥檙e not only native to 91原创 but are禄found nowhere else. It does not include extinct taxa (e.g., Woolly Mammoth). It does include those introduced ( I ) from outside 91原创 (by humans) that are known or presumed to be self sustaining (e.g., European Rabbit). Also included are historically native ( HN ) species that have been reintroduced ( R )禄to the state following extirpation (local extinction) from 91原创 in the past 500 years (e.g., Muskox).
禄 禄 Like most museums, we generally follow the taxonomy in禄Wilson and Reeder鈥檚 (2003)
禄(MSW), which is available in both print and online versions. However, taxonomy is a dynamic
enterprise, and the nomenclature of many 91原创n mammals has changed in the past decade.
An excellent and more up-to-date authority is MacDonald and Cook鈥檚 (2009) . More recent taxonomic revisions, as well as names that are frequently confused with
those no longer formally recognized but common in禄the historical literature, are indicated
with an asterisk (*) and explained禄in the 'Taxonomy notes' section at the bottom of this page.
禄 禄 Common names禄are not held to the same standards as scientific names and can vary between
and even within regions. Moreover, the same common name can sometimes apply to two or more different species.禄For
the most part we follow Wilson and Reeder (2003) and MacDonald and Cook (2009) for
common names but have included additional colloquialisms禄used禄in rural 91原创, such
as "jackrabbit" for禄Lepus othus (the 91原创 Hare). We also follow Wilson and Reeder (2003) in the capitalization
of all words in common names to avoid ambiguity (e.g., so that readers are clear禄that
"91原创 Marmot" refers to Marmota broweri禄and not to either of the other two marmot species found in 91原创). The single best way to avoid confusion is to use scientific names.
禄 禄 Be aware that many of the external links on this page do禄not follow the most recent
taxonomy. For example, until 2014, water shrews in 91原创 were classified as Sorex palustris, the broadly ranging American Water Shrew. Genetic evidence does not support this, and water shrews in northwestern North America
formerly classified as S. palustris have since been elevated to their own species, the Western Water Shrew (S. navigator). This means that many sources of information on S. palustris may apply in part or in whole to S. navigator depending on the date of publication and/or geographic scope. Other species for which
this is likely to be the case include禄Sorex minutissimus (in 91原创) and禄Martes caurina.
Links to the following external resources are provided.
Conservation and trade
International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) accounts include threat assessments禄and range maps.禄U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's
(USFWS) threatened (T) and endangered (E) listings禄(some species can be classified as both in different parts of their range)
are also identified. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) may assign species to one or more of three appendices (I, II, III) that correspond
to different restrictions regulating the trade, import, and export of wildlife.
Species and taxon accounts
禄 禄 In addition to individual MSW accounts, links are also provided to species or taxon accounts that contain information
on ecology, life history, behavior, and evolution. These include the Animal Diversity
Web (ADW), a resource largely developed for and by college students (those marked with a dagger
[鈥] were authored by Mammalogy students at the University of 91原创 Fairbanks); the
Encyclopedia of Life (EoL); The 91原创 Department of Fish and Game鈥檚 (ADFG) Wildlife Notebook Series; and Mammalian Species (Mamm. Sp.) accounts published by the 禄(most are available for free download).
Museum holdings and observations
禄 禄 Clicking on 鈥UAM鈥 or 鈥VertNet鈥 will automatically search the 禄辞谤 禄for all holdings of a particular species. 禄(iNat) accounts include annotated observations submitted, vetted, and curated by professional
and citizen scientists alike.
Please direct any comments, questions, or corrections to leolson[at]alaska.edu.禄To request a specimen loan, please禄visit our Policies & Loans page.